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Board of Governors Professor Rutgers School of Law - Camden 217 North Fifth Street Camden, NJ 08102
F: (856) 225 - 6516
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Biography
Roger Clark, who holds an LL.M. and a J.S.D. from Columbia as well as graduating B.A., LL.B., LL.M., LL.D. from Victoria University in New Zealand, is a prolific scholar in international law and human rights and criminal law. A member of the United Nations Committee on Crime Prevention and Control between 1986 and 1990, he has authored or co-authored over a hundred articles and ten books. The most recent books are International Criminal Law: Cases and Materials (2004), International and National Law in Russia and Eastern Europe: Essays in Honor of George Ginsburgs (2001) and The Case Against the Bomb (1996). In 1995 and 1996 he represented the Government of Samoa in arguing the illegality of nuclear weapons before the International Court of Justice in The Hague. In the past few years he has represented Samoa in the negotiations at the United Nations to create a permanent international criminal court. Professor Clark teaches Criminal Law, International Law, Foreign Relations and National Security Law, and International Criminal Law.
Publications
Books:
International Criminal Law: Cases and Materials (LexisNexis, 2d ed., 2004) (with Edward M. Wise and Ellen S. Podgor) (Teacher’s Manual to same, 2005)
International and National Law in Russia and Eastern Europe: Essays in Honor of George Ginsburgs (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 2001) (editor and contributor) (with Ferdinand Feldbrugge & Stanislaw Pomorski)
The Case against the Bomb: Marshall Islands, Samoa, and Solomon Islands before the International Court of Justice in Advisory Proceedings on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons (Rutgers Law School, Camden, New York, London, 1996) (editor and contributor) (with Madeleine Sann)
The Prosecution of International Crimes: A Critical Study of the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (Transaction, New Brunswick, N.J., 1996) (editor) (with Madeleine Sann)
The United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Program: Formulation of Standards and Efforts at their Implementation (University of Pennsylvania Press for Procedural Aspects of International Law Institute, Philadelphia, 1994)
Human Rights Sourcebook (Paragon House, New York, 1987) (with A. Blaustein and J. Sigler)
No-Fault Automobile Insurance in Action (Oceana, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1977) (with A. Widiss, J. Little and T. Jones)
Tort in Transition: A New Zealand Collection of Cases and Materials on Tort in the Accident Compensation Era (Fourth Estate Publishing, Wellington, 1976) (with P. McKenzie and G. Palmer)
A United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1972)
Essays on Criminal Law in New Zealand (Sweet and Maxwell, Wellington, 1971) (editor and contributor)
Monographs:
Report of the International Observer Mission, Palau Referendum, December 1986 (with A. Boss, E. Hammerich, S. Roff & D. Wright) (International League for Human Rights & Minority Rights Group, New York, 1987)
The Development of the New Zealand Constitution (N.Z. Dept. of Education, Wellington, 1975)
Articles, Book Chapters and Forewords:
Some Challenges Confronting the Assembly of States Parties of the International Criminal Court, in Eduardo Vetere & Pedro David eds,Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power: Festschrift in Honour of Irene Melup 141 (Bangkok 11th UN Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, 2005)
Nuclear Weapons and Weapons of Mass Destruction, in Dinah L. Shelton ed.-in-chief, Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity 754 and 1151 (Thomson Gale, 2005)
The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 50 Wayne L. Rev. 161 (2004)
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and Weapons of a Nature to Cause Superfluous Injury or Unnecessary Suffering, or Which Are Inherently Indiscriminate, in John Carey, William V. Dunlap & R. John Pritchard eds., International Humanitarian Law: challenges 259 (Transnational Publishers, New York, 2004)
Justice Without Borders: The International Criminal Court (Panel Discussion), 17 Temple Int’l & Comp. L.J. 90 (2003)
Rethinking Aggression as a Crime and Formulating Its Elements: The Final Work-Product of the Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court, 15 Leiden J. Int’l L. 859 (2002)
The Interrogation of Karl Hermann Frank & the Kristallnacht Documents, 4 Rutgers J. of L. & Relig. 2 (2002)
Foreword to Bertrand G. Ramcharan, The United Nations High Commisioner for Human Rights: the Challenges of International Protection ix (Martinus, Nijhoff, The Hague, 2002)
The Mental Element in International Criminal Law: The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and the Elements of Offences, 12 Crim. L.F. 291 (2001), German translation, Subjektive Merkmale im Völkerstrafrecht: Das Römische Statute des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs und die Verbrechenselemente, 114 Zeitschrift Für Die Gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft 372 (2002) (Thomas Weigend trans.)
Crimes Against Humanity and the International Criminal Court, in Roger Clark, Ferdinand Feldbrugge & Stanislaw Pomorski eds., International and National Law in Russia and Eastern Europe: Essays in Honor of George Ginsburgs 139 (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 2001), reprinted in Mauro Politi & Guiseppe Nesi eds., The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: a Challenge to Impunity 75 (Ashgate/Dartmouth, Aldershot, 2001)
Foreword to Angie Zelter ed., Trident on Trial: The Case for People=s Disarmament (Luath Press, Edinburgh, 2001)
The ICC Statute: Protecting the Sovereign Rights of Non-Parties, in Dinah Shelton ed., International Crimes, Peace and Human Rights: The Role of the International Criminal Court (Transnational Publishers, Ardsley, New York, 2000)
How International Human Rights Law Affects Domestic Law, in Adamantia Pollis & Peter Schwab eds., Human Rights: New Perspectives, New Realities 185 (Reinner, Boulder & London, 2000)
East Timor, Indonesia and the International Community, 14 Temple Int=l & Comp. L.J. 75 (2000)
Creating a Statute for the International Criminal Court: A Jurisdictional Quandary, 22 Suffolk Transnat=l L. Rev. 461 (1999)
Several entries, in Otto Triffterer ed., Commentary on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Observers= Notes, Article by Article (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden, Germany, 1999)
Steven Spielberg=s AAmistad@ and Other Things I have Thought About in the Past Forty Years: International (Criminal) Law, Conflict of Laws, Insurance and Slavery, 30 Rutgers L.J. 371 (1999)
Preamble and Final Clauses, in Roy Lee ed., The International Criminal Court: The Making of the Rome Statute, Issues, Negotiations, Results 421 (Kluwer, The Hague, 1999) (with Tuiloma Neroni Slade)
Apartheid, in M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., I International Criminal Law (Crimes) 643 (Transnational Publishers, Ardsley, New York, 1999)
Human Rights Strategies of the 1960s Within the United Nations: A Tribute to the Late Kamleshwar Das, 21 Human Rights Q. 308 (1999)
Treaty and Custom, in Laurence Boisson de Chazournes & Philippe Sands eds., International Law, The International Court of Justice and Nuclear Weapons 171 (Cambridge, England, 1999)
Obligations of Third States in the Face of Illegality B Ruminations inspired by the Weeramantry Dissent in the Case Concerning East Timor, in Antony Anghie & Garry Sturgess eds., Legal Visions of the 21st Century: Essays in Honour of Judge Christopher Weeramantry 631 (Kluwer, The Hague, 1998)
East Timor and An International Criminal Court, in Pedro Pinto Leite ed., The East Timor Problem and the Role of Europe 95 (IPJET, Lisbon, 1998)
Toward an International Criminal Court, in Yael Danieli, Elsa Stamatopoulou & Clarence Dias eds., The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Fifty Years and Beyond 99 (Baywood, Amityville, 1998) (with David Tolbert)
Countering Transnational and International Crime: Defining the Agenda, in Peter J. Cullen & William C. Gilmore ed., Crime Sans Frontiཱུres: International and European Legal Approaches 20) (Hume Papers on Public Policy, Vol. 6, Nos 1 & 2 (1998))
Methods of Warfare that Cause Unnecessary Suffering or Are Inherently Indiscriminate: A Memorial Tribute to Howard Berman, 28 Cal. West. Int=l L.J. 379 (1998)
The Proposed International Criminal Court: Its Establishment and Its Relationship with the United Nations, 8 Crim. L.F. 411 (1997), reprinted in 2 Mediterranean J. Hum. Rts 127 (1998)
The Case Concerning Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America) B Preliminary Objection, 10 Leiden J. Int=l L. 541 (1997)
Nuremberg and Tokyo in Contemporary Perspective, in Tim McCormack & Gerry Simpson eds., The Law of War Crimes: A Synthesis of National and International Approaches 171 (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1997)
Public International Law and Private Enterprise: Damages for a Killing in East Timor, 3 Australian J. Human Rights 21 (1996), shorter version in Paddy Ireland & Per Laleng, The Critical Lawyers= Handbook 2 (Pluto, London, 1997)
The Laws of Armed Conflict and the Use or Threat of Use of Nuclear Weapons, 7 Crim. L. Forum 265 (1996)
Coping with Ultimate Evil through the Criminal Law, 7 Crim. L. Forum 1 (1996) (with Madeleine Sann)
The 1985 United Nations Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power, in G. Alfredsson & P. Macalister-Smith eds., The Living Law of Nations, Essays on Refugees, Minorities, Indigenous Peoples and the Human Rights of other Vulnerable Groups in Memory of Atle Grahl-Madsen (N.P. Engel, Kehl am Rhein, 1996)
Issues of Implementation and Coordination, in Yael Danieli, Nigel S. Rodley & Lars Weisaeth eds., International Responses to Traumatic Stress 425 (Baywood, New York, 1996) (with Daniel Nsereko)
The 'Decolonization' of East Timor and The United Nations Norms on Self-Determination and Aggression, and The Substance of the East Timor Case in the ICJ, Chapters in International Law and the Question of East Timor (CIIR & IPJET, London, 1995)
United Nations Standards and Norms in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, 5 J. Transnat=l L. & Contemp. Prob. 287 (1995)
Foreword, Toward a Right to Peace: Selected Papers of John H.E. Fried vii (Altheia Press, Northampton, Mass., 1994)
Stocktaking after Two Sessions of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, 4 Crim. Law Forum 471 (1993), reprinted in M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., The Contributions of Specialized Institutes and Non-Governmental Organizations to the United Nations Criminal Justice Program. In Honor of Adolfo Beria di Argentine (Kluwer, The Hague, 1995)
Timor Gap: The Legality of the "Treaty on the Zone of Cooperation in an Area Between the Indonesian Province of East Timor and Northern Australia," [1992] Pace YB Int'l L. 69, reprinted in Peter Carey & G. Carter Bentley eds., East Timor at the Crossroads. Forging of a Nation (Cassell, London, 1995)
Some International Law Aspects of the East Timor Affair, 5 Leiden J. Int'l L. 265 (1992), reprinted as The East Timor Affair in International Law, 4 Camões Center Quarterly 25 (1992-93)
United Nations Model Treaties on Cooperation in the Criminal Process, 18 Commonwealth L. Bull. 1544 (1992)
Criminal Code Reform in New Zealand? A Martian's view of the Erewhon Crimes Act 1961 with some footnotes to the 1989 Bill, 21 Vict. U. of Wellington L. Rev. 1 (1991)
Crime: The UN Agenda On International Cooperation in the Criminal Process, 15 Nova L. Rev. 475 (1991)
Crimes Against Humanity at Nuremberg, and Codification of the Principles of the Nuremberg Trial and the Subsequent Development of International Law, in G. Ginsburgs & V. Kudriavtsev eds., The Nuremberg Trial and International Law 177 & 249 (Kluwer, The Hague, 1990)
The Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, Cuba August 27-September 7, 1990, 1 Crim. L. Forum 513 (1990)
Foreword and Constitutionalism and Palau's Self-Determination: A Lawyer's Perspective, in B. Aldridge & C. Myers, Resisting the Serpent: Palau's Struggle for Self-Determination xiii & 197 (Fortkamp, Baltimore, 1990)
Human Rights and the U.N. Committee on Crime Prevention and Control, 506 The Annals 68 (1989)
State Terrorism: Some Lessons From the Sinking of the "Rainbow Warrior", 20 Rutgers L.J. 393 (1989)
Free Association - A Critical View, in P. Leary ed., Proceedings: Conference on the Future Status of the United States Virgin Islands, University of the Virgin Islands (1989)
The Committee on the Rights of the Child: Who Pays? in C. Cohen ed., Independent Commentary: United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 59 (Defense for Children International, New York, 1988) (with F. Gaer), updated version in 7 N.Y.L.S.J. Human Rights 123 (1989).
Offenses of International Concern: Multilateral State Treaty Practice in the Forty Years Since Nuremberg, 57 Nordic J. Int'l L. 49 (1988)
"Termination" of the Pacific Islands Trust, 81 American J. Int'l L. 927 (1987)
International Human Rights Law, in R. Janosik ed., I Encyclopedia of the American Judicial System 334 (Scribner's, New York, 1987)
The Crime of Apartheid, in M. Bassiouni ed., I International Criminal Law 299 (Transnational Press, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1986)
Preventing and Combating Intolerance of Religion or Belief, World Order, Winter 1985-86, 19
East Timor and International Law, 2 Mennesker og Rettigheter (Norway) 32 (1984)
Approaching a No-Fault or Uninsured Motorist Claim, and Statutory Basis of No-Fault and Uninsured Motorist Systems, Chapters 1 and 2 of No-Fault/Uninsured Automobile Insurance (Matthew Bender, New York, 1984)
Models of National or Local Action to Prevent or Combat Intolerance of Religion or Belief, Background Paper for United Nations Seminar on the Encouragement of Understanding, Tolerance and Respect in Matters Relating to Religion or Belief, Geneva, December l984, U.N. Doc. HR/GENEVA/l984/BP.3 (l984)
Transnational Legal Problems of Refugees, l7 Vanderbilt J. Transnat'l L. l79 (1984) (review essay on 1982 Michigan Yearbook of International Legal Studies)
Humanitarian Intervention, Help to Your Friends and State Practice, 13 Ga. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 211 (1983)
The United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, 31 Chitty's L. J. 23 (l983)
Human Rights and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 10 Int'l J. Legal Info. 287 (1982)
State Terrorism: Disappearances, 13 Rutgers L.J. 531 (1982) (with Maureen R. Berman)
International Human Rights Fact-Finding: The Role of Legal Representation, in B. G. Ramcharan ed., International Law and Fact-finding in the Field of Human Rights
(Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1982)
Does the Genocide Convention Go Far Enough? (Symposium on Genocide and Humanicide) 8 Ohio Northern L.J. 321 (1981)
The International League for Human Rights and South West Africa B 1947-1957 B The Human Rights NGO as Catalyst in the International Legal Process, 3(4) Human Rights Q. 101 (1981)
The ‘Decolonization’ of East Timor and the United Nations Norms on Self-Determination and Aggression, 7 Yale J. World Pub. Order 2 (1980)
Self-Determination and Free Association B Should the United Nations Terminate the Pacific Islands Trust? 21 Harv. Int'l. L.J. 1 (1980)
Legal Principles of Non-Socialist Economic Integration as Exemplified by the European Economic Community, 8 Syracuse J. Int'l L. & Commerce 1 (1980)
Enforcement of International Human Rights Law: The Role of Lawyers, 28 Chitty's L.J. 4 (1980)
The United Nations and Religious Freedom, 11 N.Y.U.J. Int'l L. & Pol. 197 (1978)
Some Developments in New Jersey Criminal Law, in Proceedings of the Prosecutors' Institute (Delaware Law School, Widener College, Wilmington, Del., 1977) mimeo
Measures to Protect Religious Freedom, in L. Sohn & M. Galey eds., New Aspects of the International Protection of Human Rights, Twenty-Fifth Report of the Commission to Study the Organization of Peace 36 (Stanley Foundation, N.Y., 1977) (summary of working paper prepared for Commission, mimeo, 1976)
No-Fault in Delaware, 6 Rutgers-Camden L.J. 225 (1974), updated version in Widiss, Little, Clark, Jones, No-Fault Automobile Insurance in Action (Oceana, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1977) (with G. Waterson)
The First Twenty-Five Years of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights B And the Next, 48 Conn. Bar J. 111 (1974) (originally published in English and French as working paper for World Peace Through World Law Conference, Abidjan, 1973) (with Leo Nevas)
The U. N. and Human Rights: Some Modest Proposals, 59 A.B.A.J. 1393 (1973) (with Leo Nevas)
Some Jurisprudential Questions on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, in Report of the Human Rights Committee, Conference on Non-Governmental Organizations in Observance of the 25th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (N.Y., 1973)
Medina: An Essay on the Principles of Criminal Liability for Homicide, 5 Rutgers-Camden L.J. 59 (1973)
Disorderly Behavior, in S. Webb and J. Collette eds., New Zealand Society: Contemporary Perspectives 361 (Wellington, 1973)
The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands: Some Perspectives, 1973 Proc. Am. Soc'y Int'l L. 17
Meetings, Processions, Symbolic Speech and the Law, [1972] N.Z.L.J. 209, 249
A Jurisprude Looks at the Road Toll, 2 Otago L. Rev. 441 (1972)
Overmastering Physical Force, 14 Crim. L.Q. (Canada) 413 (1972)
Accident B Or What Became of Kilbride v. Lake? in R. Clark ed., Essays on Criminal Law in New Zealand 47 (1971)
Police Powers to Seize and Detain Goods and Documents, [1971] N.Z.L.J. 153
Police Power to Arrest Without Warrant, [1970] N.Z.L.J. 176
Hans Kelsen's Pure Theory of Law, 22 J. Legal Ed. 170 (1970)
The Defence of Impossibility and Offences of Strict Liability, 11 Crim. L.Q. (Canada) 154 (1969)
Broadcasting and Private Enterprise: The Proposed Broadcasting Authority, 30 N.Z.J. Pub. Admin. 29 (1968)
Automatism and Strict Liability, 5 Vict. U. of Wellington L. Rev. 12 (1968)
Chapters 1, 2, 4 & 5 of J. Robson ed., New Zealand: The Development of Its Laws and Constitution (Stevens, London, 1967) (with C. C. Aikman and K. J. Keith)
Strict Liability Offences of Possession, [1967] N.Z.L.J. 182
Some Developments in Administrative Law, 29 N.Z.J. Pub. Admin. 48 (1967) (with C. C. Aikman)
Some Developments in Administrative Law, 28 N.Z.J. Pub. Admin. 96 (1966) (with C. C. Aikman)
Some Developments in Administrative Law, 27 N.Z.J. Pub. Admin. 45 (1965) (with C. C. Aikman)
The Geneva Accords and the Two Vietnams, in M. Bassett ed., New Zealand and South East Asia 12 (Auckland, 1965)
French Tests and International Law, New Zealand Monthly Review, No. 52, 5 (1964-5)
Compiled and Edited:
Symposium, International Criminal Law, Vol. 5, No. 2, Transnat=l L. & Contemp. Prob. (Iowa City, Iowa, 1995) (with Ved Nanda)
Democracy in South Korea: A Promise Unfulfilled (A Report on Human Rights l980-l985) (New York, l985, for the International League for Human Rights and the International Human Rights Law Group) (general editor and contributor)
Micronesia: The Problem of Palau, Minority Rights Group Report No. 63 (New York, 1984, rev. ed. 1987) (with S. Roff)
Constitutions of Dependencies and Special Sovereignties: The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, A. Blaustein and E. Blaustein eds., (Oceana, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1982) (successor volumes on the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands and Palau, 1988)
Constitutions of the Countries of the World: New Zealand, A. Blaustein and G. Flanz eds., (Oceana, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1985)
Constitutions of Dependencies and Special Sovereignties: New Zealand Territories, A. Blaustein and E. Blaustein eds., (Oceana, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1985)
MEMBERSHIP IN PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
American Civil Liberties Union
American Law Institute
American Society of International Law
International Commission of Jurists, American Section
International Law Association, American Branch
International Third World Studies Association
New Zealand Council for Civil Liberties
Society for the Reform of Criminal Law
Society of American Law Teachers
PROFESSIONAL AND PUBLIC SERVICE
Editorial Board: CRIMINAL LAW FORUM: An International Journal (1998-present) (Editor-in-Chief 1989-1998)
Editorial Board: HUMAN RIGHTS REVIEW (1999-present)
Editorial Advisory Board: THE INTERNATIONAL LAWYER (1997-present)
Editorial Advisory Board: New Zealand Yearbook of International Law (2003-present)
International League for Human Rights: Trustee (1978- present), Vice-President (1982-1995)
Board: International Platform of Jurists for East Timor (1998-present)
Advisory Council, Momentum Foundation (International Promotion of Low Pollution Energy Technology) (1997-present)
Board of Overseers, Robert M. W. Kempner Collegium (Programs and Publications on the History and Jurisprudential Aspects of International Criminal Law, International Human Rights and Related Subjects) (1997- present)
Board: Society for the Reform of Criminal law (1998-present)
INVOLVEMENT WITH UNITED NATIONS
Representative of Government of Samoa to Assembly of States Parties for the International Criminal Court (2002-Present)
Representative of Government of Samoa to Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court (1999-2002)
Representative of Government of Samoa at United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, Rome, (1998)
Representative of Government of Samoa to Preparatory Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, New York, 1996-1998
Counsel to Samoa, Illegality of Nuclear Weapons Case, International Court of Justice, 1995-96 (one of team that argued case)
Member, New Zealand delegation, Ninth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Cairo, Egypt, 1995
Member, New Zealand observer delegation to United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, Vienna, 1992, 1993, 1996
Observer of New Zealand to Intergovernmental Working Group on the Creation of an Effective International Crime and Justice Programme, Vienna, 1991
Member, New Zealand delegation, Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, Cuba, 1990
Member, United Nations Committee on Crime Prevention and Control, 1987-1990 (The Committee, now replaced by the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, supervised the work of the United Nations in the criminal justice area and was the preparatory committee for the five-yearly Congresses on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders)
Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Branch, Consultant on Victims of Crime and of Abuse of Power, l983-85 (report-writing and drafting in preparation for and at Seventh United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders)
Centre for Human Rights, l984 (author of Background Paper for United Nations Seminar on the Encouragement of Understanding, Tolerance and Respect in Matters Relating to Religion or Belief, Geneva, December l984)